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and what is the best battery for a dual-battery system?
There are two main types of batteries. When you buy your vehicle from the manufacturer it will likely have a shallow cycle single high-current discharge (HCD) battery. These HCD batteries or cranking batteries provide a brief high amp charge to start the engine.
Deep-cycle batteries are preferred as the auxiliary battery for a dual-battery system as they provide sustained power over long periods of time and are designed for repeat charge and discharge. These deep-cycle batteries can be larger in size so the one you purchase will obviously need to fit somewhere whether it is in the vehicle engine bay or behind the seat in the vehicle cab. Deep cell batteries also cost more.
Starting batteries have thinner plates and will accept a greater amount of charge more quickly. Deep cycle batteries have thicker plates so they only accept a small amount of faster charging before the resistance of the plates begin to reduce the amount of charge uptake. So, different batteries reach full charge at different voltages and with a dual battery system you need to consider if your vehicle alternator and battery isolator are capable of charging both batteries.
There are wet cell and dry cell batteries. Wet cell batteries give off hydrogen gas which is an explosive vapour so you would not want to place this type of battery behind the seat inside a vehicle cab or near inverters, battery chargers or any source of a likely spark. Care should be taken when handling lead-acid batteries as any acid spill can cause serious burns
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Alternator: 13.65 to 15.0 volts
Battery Charger (Constant Voltage): 13.8 to 15.0 volts; 10 amps maximum; 6-12 hours approximate
Float Charge: 13.2 to 13.8 volts; 1 amp maximum; (indefinite time at lower voltages)
Rapid Recharge: Maximum voltage 15.6 volts. No current limit as long as battery
(Constant voltage charger) temperature remains below 125F (51.7C). Charge until
current drops below 1 amp.
Cyclic or Series String Applications: 14.7 volts. No current limit as long as battery temperature
remains below 125F (51.7C). When current falls below 1 amp,
finish with 3 amp constant current for 1 hour.
All limits must be strictly adhered to.Not fully charging a battery can result in poor performance and a reduction in capacity..
What is the difference between RedTop, YellowTop and BlueTop batteries?
RedTop: Use this for normal engine starting where an alternator immediately monitors the state of charge and provides energy to the battery whenever it is needed. This would describe most stock vehicles.
■Automotive and RV under-hood starting
■Heavy equipment where starting is the primary function
■Diesel powered vehicles with no aftermarket electronics
YellowTop: Use this when electrical loads are higher than average, or when the discharge cycle is more than typical engine starting, such as vehicles without alternators. This also includes vehicles with significant electrical loads that may exceed the average alternator output (for example aftermarket audio system, GPS, chargers, winch, snowplow, inverters, drag cars). This can also include vehicles that have a lot of electronics from the factory, such as a minivan with power sliding doors and a DVD player, especially if the DVD player is used when the engine isnt running.
■Racing vehicles without a charging system (alternator or generator)
■Dedicated drag racing vehicles
■Diesel powered vehicles with aftermarket electronics
■Car audio/video applications exceeding 250 watts over the OE system
■Vehicles or heavy equipment with inverters, hydraulics, winches or other accessories
■Electric vehicles
BlueTop: The BlueTop starting battery (dark gray case) is to be used when a dedicated starting battery is required and it should never be used for cycling duty. The dual purpose BlueTop (light gray case) can be used for both starting and deep cycling; it is a true deep cycle battery with extremely high cranking power.
■Trolling motors, marine applications with heavy electrical accessories and RVs should use a dual purpose BlueTop (which is both a starting and deep cycle battery)
■Use a BlueTop starting battery for marine applications and RVs when the batterys only function is engine starting
Note: The difference between BlueTop and YellowTop deep cycle batteries is that BlueTop batteries have both automotive (SAE) posts and threaded posts, while YellowTops (other than D31T) only have SAE posts.
If you ever get confused on the color tops just remember: if it has a dark gray case then it is a starting battery; if it has a light gray case then it is a deep cycle (dual purpose) battery
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